Neonatal systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism type I / 中国当代儿科杂志

An 18-day-old male infant was admitted to the hospital due to recurrent hyperkalemia for more than 10 days. The neonate had milk refusal and dyspnea. The blood gas analysis revealed recurrent hyperkalemia, hyponatremia and metabolic acidosis. Adrenocortical hormone replacement therapy was ineffective. Additional tests showed a significant increase in aldosterone levels. Family whole exome sequencing revealed that the infant had compound heterozygous in the SCNNIA gene, inherited from both parents. The infant was diagnosed with neonatal systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism type I. The infant's electrolyte levels were stabilized through treatment with sodium polystyrene sulfonate and sodium supplement. The infant was discharged upon clinical recovery. This study provides a focused description of differential diagnosis of salt-losing syndrome in infants and introduces the multidisciplinary management of neonatal systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism type I.

Effectiveness of a sex education curriculum in seventh graders / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To assess the effectiveness of sexual education intervention among seventh grade students, and to provide support tools for sex education for middle school students.@*Methods@#Seventh grade students from six schools in Longnan, Gansu Province were randomly assigned to an intervention group (251 students) and a control group (222 students). After 8 weeks of school based sex education in the intervention group, the results were compared before and after the intervention using self assessment knowledge and attitude scales.@*Results@#The knowledge score in the control group decreased by (2.46±1.21) in the follow up survey compared to the baseline survey. The intervention group scored (30.54±1.34) significantly higher than baseline ( t =22.76, P <0.01). After adjusting the sex ratio to 1∶1, the mean difference between the two groups after the intervention was (27.86±1.87) ( t =14.90, P <0.01). The interaction dit between time and intervention was (33.01±2.50) ( t =13.19, P <0.01) in difference analysis. The intervention effect size Hedge s g on knowledge in the intervention group was 1.27. The proportion of positive attitudes towards sex increased in the intervention group on 12 out of 14 questions, with percentage ranging from 7.5% to 25.9%. At the follow up, the improvement in attitudes towards 12 questions was substantial for girls and 8 questions for boys in the intervention group. The attitude effect size Hedge s g was 0.99 in the intervention group.@*Conclusion@#The implementation of school based sex education is capable of significant improving students sexual knowledge and attitude in the short term.

Expression Level and Clinical Significance of OTC4 Gene in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression characteristics and clinical value of OTC4 gene in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).@*METHODS@#Sixty-five patients with MDS were selected from June 2017 to April 2018, and 39 healthy subjects were selected as control group. Mononuclear cells were isolated from bone marrow collected by aseptic puncture. The OTC4 gene level of MDS patients was detected by RT-PCR, and the OTC4 protein of MDS patients was detected by Western blot. The survival curve of MDS patients was drawn by Kaplan-Meier. Cox multivariate analysis was used to analyze the independent prognostic factors.@*RESULTS@#The relative expression level of OTC4 gene in MDS patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Western blot showed that the expression level of OTC4 protein in MDS patients was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). OTC4 gene expression level closely related with the leukocyte count, and the level of hemoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase and platelet count in MDS patients (P＜0.05). CR rate of MDS patients with low OTC4 gene expression was 54.8%, which was higher than that of high OTC4 gene expression group (P＜0.05), while HI, SD and PD rates of MDS patients with low OTC4 gene expression were 9.7%, 12.9% and 6.5% respectively, which were lower than those of high OTC4 gene expression group (P＜0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that OS and DFS in patients with low OTC4 gene expression were superior to those with high OTC4 gene expression (P＜0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that leukocyte count and OTC4 gene were independent influencing factors for OS (P＜0.05), platelet level and OTC4 gene expression were independent influencing factors for DFS (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#OTC4 gene closely relates with the severity of MDS. The patients with lower expression of OTC4 gene have better prognosis, the detection of OTC4 gene has higher clinical value for evaluating the prognosis of MDS patients.

Efficacy and safety of the long-acting fusion inhibitor albuvirtide in antiretroviral-experienced adults with human immunodeficiency virus-1: interim analysis of the randomized, controlled, phase 3, non-inferiority TALENT study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Albuvirtide is a once-weekly injectable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 fusion inhibitor. We present interim data for a phase 3 trial assessing the safety and efficacy of albuvirtide plus lopinavir-ritonavir in HIV-1-infected adults already treated with antiretroviral drugs.@*METHODS@#We carried out a 48-week, randomized, controlled, open-label non-inferiority trial at 12 sites in China. Adults on the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended first-line treatment for >6 months with a plasma viral load >1000 copies/mL were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive albuvirtide (once weekly) plus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (ABT group) or the WHO-recommended second-line treatment (NRTI group). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a plasma viral load below 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks. Non-inferiority was prespecified with a margin of 12%.@*RESULTS@#At the time of analysis, week 24 data were available for 83 and 92 patients, and week 48 data were available for 46 and 50 patients in the albuvirtide and NRTI groups, respectively. At 48 weeks, 80.4% of patients in the ABT group and 66.0% of those in the NRTI group had HIV-1 RNA levels below 50 copies/mL, meeting the criteria for non-inferiority. For the per-protocol population, the superiority of albuvirtide over NRTI was demonstrated. The frequency of grade 3 to 4 adverse events was similar in the two groups; the most common adverse events were diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infections, and grade 3 to 4 increases in triglyceride concentration. Renal function was significantly more impaired at 12 weeks in the patients of the NRTI group who received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate than in those of the ABT group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The TALENT study is the first phase 3 trial of an injectable long-acting HIV drug. This interim analysis indicates that once-weekly albuvirtide in combination with ritonavir-boosted lopinavir is well tolerated and non-inferior to the WHO-recommended second-line regimen in patients with first-line treatment failure.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02369965; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.Chinese Clinical Trial Registry No. ChiCTR-TRC-14004276; http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx.

Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 linked to hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury of H9c2 cells by targeting miR-135a-5p/forkhead box O1 axis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Myocardial infarction occurs due to insufficient (ischemia) blood supply to heart for long time; plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is a long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including heart disease; However, few studies have explored its role. The present study evaluated the effects of lncRNA PVT1 on hypoxic rat H9c2 cells.@*METHODS@#Hypoxic injury was examined by measuring cell viability and apoptosis by using cell counting kit-8 activity and flow cytometry assays. Gene expressions after hypoxia were estimated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and the signaling pathway were explored by Western blot analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were applied to examine the interactions among genes. Data were analyzed using t-test with one-way or two-way analysis of variance.@*RESULTS@#The lncRNA PVT1 is up-regulated in hypoxia-stressed H9c2 cells and knockdown of PVT1 mitigates hypoxia-induced injury in H9c2 cells. PVT1 acts as a sponge for miR-135a-5p and knockdown of PVT1 attenuated the increased hypoxia-induced injury by up-regulating miR-135a-5p. Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) was identified as a target of miR-135a-5p, and the expression was negatively regulated by miR-135a-5p. The exploration of the underlying mechanism demonstrated that knockdown of FOXO1 reversed PVT1/miR-135a-5p mediated hypoxia-induced injury in H9c2 cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#PVT1 plays a crucial role in hypoxia-injured H9c2 cells through sponging miR-135a-5p and then positively regulating FOXO1.

Investigation and Evaluation of Cultivation Status of Ligusticum chuanxiong in Sichuan / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To deeply understand important scientific problems and key technical problems in the cultivation of Chuanxiong, the Chuanxiong cultivation situation of 247 households in 23 towns of 5 counties in Sichuan province were investigated, providing basic data for the standardized cultivation of Chuanxiong. Method::On the basis of reported literatures, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the farmers of cultivating Chuanxiong in main producing areas, field measurements were also preformed, and the cultivation status of Chuanxiong was comprehensively analyzed. Result::The proportion of plain-breeding mainly existed in Pengzhou and Shifang, where per farmer had a small scale of planting areas, was 65%, while the proportion of mountain-breeding mainly existed in Meishan, Qionglai and Dujiangyan, where per proprietor had a large scale of planting areas, was 92%. The planting density and yield of Chuanxiong varied greatly among individuals. The growth period of Chuanxiong in Meishan and Qionglai is about 30 days shorter than that in Pengzhou, Shifang and Dujiangyan. About half of farmers applied base fertilizer and top dressing in spring. The proportion of NPK compound fertilizer input was high (>90%). Chuangxiong has a few diseases and insect pests, the incidence of which in new production areas was obviously lower than that in old production areas. The application of herbicide was not standardized. 52% farmers used Chu cao ling No.1 which was made by agricultural material store owners. The labor cost accounted for the highest proportion (37%) in Chuanxiong cultivation. Conclusion::Now in Sichuan clonal propagated patterns of Chuanxiong were both mountain-breeding and plain-breeding. It is suggested to make clear the differences between mountain-breeding nodes and plain-breeding nodes, and breed high qualities of Chuanxiong nodes. The mechanization research and production of Chuanxiong should be promoted, realizing timely planting and harvesting. Farmers should be guided to increase the application of organic fertilizer, and meanwhile standardize the application of agrochemicals.

Clinical Efficacy and Prognosis of Double-Hit Multiple Myeloma Patients with Deletion P53 Treated with Regimen Based on Bortezomib / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognosis of double-hit multiple myeloma patients with deletion P53 treated with regimen based on bortezomib.@*METHODS@#The ethnical data from 186 newly diagnosed MM patients hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of Harrison International Peace hospital from January 2012 to January 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and G-binding staining were used to detect cytogenetic abnormalities (P53 deletion, lq21 amplification and IgH rearranagement) for analyses of complete remission (CR), overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients treated with bortezomib for 4 circles.@*RESULTS@#In 186 patients, simple P53 deletion was 14 cases, 1q21 amplification and P53 deletion were found in 11 cases (A group), t (14;16) and P53 deletion in 7 cases (B group), t (4;14) and P53 deletion in 9 cases (C group). The complete remission rate (CR%) of above-mentioned three groups was 27.27%, 28.57% and 33.33% respectively, and the ORR of the three groups was 54.54%, 57.14% and 55.56%, respectively, there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups (P＞0.05). The patients with 1q21 amplification and P53 deletion had shorter OS and PFS time (P=0.041, P=0.046). The double-hit patients with 1q21 amplification showed shorter OS time, compared with the patients with P53 deletion (P=0.027). The double-hit patients with t(14;16) and t(4;14) showed shorter OS time (P=0.871, P=0.276) and PFS time (P=0.955, P=0.379) than those of the patients with P53 deletion.@*CONCLUSION@#P53 deletion and 1q21 amplification are an adverse prognostic factor of early recurrence and short lifetime in patients with newly diagnosed double-hit MM.

Outcomes of DNMT3A Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients Treated with Decitabine / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study therapeutic efficacy and side effects of single decitabine for DNMT3A myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients.@*METHODS@#The clinical characteristics, efficacy and side effects of 59 myelodysplastic syndrome patients received the decitabine therapy in our center from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on gene mutations, these patients were divided into 2 groups: DNMT3A MDS patients (n=27) and DNMT3A MDS patients (n=32). All patients in two groups were treated with decitabine for 4 circles. The efficacy and side effects in the two groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#The median age of patients in DNMT3A MDS group was 56.2 (37-81) which was no statistic difference from DNMT3A MDS group. And there was no statistical difference including age, white blood cells, hemoglobin and platelet count between the two groups (P＞0.05). The ORR and complete response (CR) rate of DNMT3A group were 70.37% and 40.74%, the ORR and CR rate of DNMT3A group were 40.63% and 21.88% respectively. Significant differences were observed in ORR rate (P=0.035) between two groups. However, significant differences did not found in CR rate (P=0.159) between two groups, The similar adverse reaction was observed in DNMT3A and DNMT3A MDS patients. Among the 59 patients, 21 patients showed TP53+ mutation. DNMT3A/TP53 MDS patients (n=13) had similar ORR and CR compared with the DNMT3A/TP53 MDS patients (n=8) (P＞0.05). The overall survival (OS) in DNMT3A MDS group and DNMT3A MDS group were 29.1±13.4 months and 27.8±14.4 months, respectively, no significant differences between two groups were observed (P=0.475).@*CONCLUSION@#Decitabine treatment is an effective and safe for DNMT3A MDS patients, but not shows better survival advantage.

Effects of Low-Dose Decitabine on Soluble CD44, GDF11 Levels and Hematopoietic Function in Elderly Patients with MDS / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of low-dose decitabine on levels of soluble CD44 and GDF11, and hematopoietic function in elderly patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).@*METHODS@#Ninety-nine patients with senile myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) admitted to our hospital from October 2015 to October 2017 were divided into group A, B and C according to their treatment, each with 33 cases.The patients in group A were treated with low-dose decitabine, the patients in group B were treated with usual dose of decitabine, and the patients in group C were treated with low-dose decitabine plus G-GSF, cytarabine, and aclarithromycin. The changes of soluble CD44, GDF11 levels and hematopoietic function (sTfR/E) were compared before and after treatment. The clinical remission rate and adverse reaction rate in 3 groups were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Before treatment, the levels of CD44, GDF11 and sTfR/E were not significantly different between the 3 groups (P＞0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD44 and GDF11 were significantly decreased in these groups, while the serum levels of sTfR/E were significantly increased, and there was no significant difference between the 3 groups (P＞0.05). After treatment, the total effective rates of A, B, and C 3 group were 82.3%, 81.8%, and 78.8%, respectively, without statistically significant difference (P＞0.05). During the treatment, the incidence of non-hemotoxic adverse reactions in group A was 8.8%, significantly lower than that in group B and C (30.3%, 27.3%) (P＜0.05, P＜0.05), the incidence of hemotoxic adverse reactions in group A was 39.4%, significantly lower than that 63.6% and 66.7% in group B and C (P＜0.05, P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Low-dose decitabine alone is effective in treating elderly patients with MDS as compared with conventional dose and combination therapy, moreover can significantly reduce the levels of CD44 and GDF11, improve hematopoietic function and low the adverse reactions. Thereby the low dose of decitabine may be a new choice for clinical treatment of MDS.

Ethacrynic acid inhibits airway smooth muscle contraction in mice / 生理学报

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of ethacrynic acid (EA) on the contraction in mice. BL-420S force measuring system was used to measure the tension of mouse tracheal rings. The whole cell patch clamp technique was utilized to record the channel currents of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. The calcium imaging system was used to determine the intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]) in ASM cells. The results showed that EA significantly inhibited the high K (80 mmol/L) and acetylcholine (ACh, 100 µmol/L)-induced contraction of mouse tracheal rings in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal relaxation percentages were (97.02 ± 1.56)% and (85.21 ± 0.03)%, and the median effective concentrations were (40.28 ± 2.20) μmol/L and (56.22 ± 7.62) μmol/L, respectively. EA decreased the K and ACh-induced elevation of [Ca] from 0.40 ± 0.04 to 0.16 ± 0.01 and from 0.50 ± 0.01 to 0.39 ± 0.01, respectively. In addition, EA inhibited L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (LVDCC) and store-operated calcium channel (SOCC) currents in ASM cells, and Ca influx. Moreover, EA decreased the resistance of the respiratory system (Rrs) in vivo in mice. These results indicated that EA inhibits LVDCC and SOCC, which results in termination of Ca influx and decreases of [Ca], leading to relaxation of ASM. Taken together, EA might be a potential bronchodilator.

Recent advances in LncRNAs and chronic kidney disease / 药学学报

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), defined as transcripts which are hundreds of nucleotides with little or non-protein coding potential. Recently, LncRNAs have caught much more attentions, instead of considering as noises of genome transcripts, and indeed they have been found to play important roles associated with some biological processes, such as tumorigenesis, immunology dysfunction, metabolism adjustment, and so on. The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in different regions of the world is about 10% to 15%, with high growth rate and high unawareness, including the diabetic nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, etc. Previous publications also suggest that LncRNAs have a close relationship with the kidneys, and it may become new therapeutic targets or new biomarkers to diagnose diseases. In this review, we will summarize LncRNAs' functions with chronic kidney diseases, and discuss the prospects of the clinical applications of LncRNAs in the treatment of CKD treatment.

Applications of ionic liquids in drug research / 药学学报

Ionic liquids are not limited to the traditional use of solvents because of their high permeability and excellent physicochemical and unique biological properties. Nowadays, with the deep understanding of their toxicity and biocompatibility, ionic liquids have been tailored as novel solutions to address potential problems of marketed drugs. Based on the research and development of modified new drugs, ionic liquids have been incorporated into drug synthesis and emerged as attractive environmental-friendly reaction media with milder reaction conditions, higher yields and easier reaction workups and drug delivery systems. In addition, they have been designed for effective drug carriers removing undesirable properties of solid drugs. Further, ionic liquids forming active pharmaceutical ingredients dedicated to the liquefaction of drugs for promising clinical applications.

Clinical Efficacy of Low-Dose Decitabine alone for Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndrome / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose decitabine (DAC) alone for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) Methods: Fifty-one patients with meddle- and high-risk MDS were selected, and were randomly divided into A, B and C groups according to the drug regimens: the therapeutic regimen in A group consisted of low dose DAC 10 mg/(m·d)×7 d; the therapeutic regimen in B group: normal dose DAC 20 mg/(m·d) ×5 d; the therapeutic regimen in C group: low dose DAC+CAG DAC 10 mg/(m·d) d 1-5，cytarabine 10 mg/(m·d) q12h d 1-7, aclaromycin 10 mg/d d 1-4，G-CSF 200 μg/(m·d), d 1-7. All patients in 3 groups were treated for 4 circles. The efficacy and response were compared among 3 groups.@*RESULTS@#The complete remission rates (CR%) in A, B and C groups were 18.75%, 22.22% and 23.53% respectively, and the overall response rate (ORR%) in A, B and C groups were 56.25%, 61.11% and 58.82% respectively, without statistical difference among 3 groups (P＞0.05)．After 1 year of follow-up, the survival rate was not significantly different among 3 groups, the blood cell accounts were higher than the basic value. After 1 course of treatment, the inhibition rate of III-IV grade myelosuppression was statistically significantly different among the 3 groups (P＜0.05), and the infection rate among 3 groups also was statistically different, The incidence of myelosuppression and infection in A group was significantly lower than that in B and C groups. The per capita blood transfusion during the four-month treatment was not statistically different among 3 groups. however, that in the A group was lesser than B and C groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic efficacy of low dose decitabine alone for treatment of MDS is equal to routine dose decitabine and decitabine plus CAG, but the low dose group shows less myelosuppressive and more safe effects.

Nursing observation and guidance of topiramate in treatment of intractable epilepsy in children / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of topiramate in the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children. Methods 120 cases with intractable epilepsy from May 2012 to May 2017 were randomly divided into 2 groups, the control group used antiepileptic drug treatment, study group combined application of anti epileptic drugs targeted nursing application. Results The clinical effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P< 0.05). The frequency of epileptic seizure in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children, the application of topiramate in the treatment of basic care is helpful to improve the effect of treatment, the effect is ideal, and should be further popularized in clinical practice.

Prediction of motor recovery after ischemic stroke using diffusion tensor imaging: A meta-analysis / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND:This systematic review aims to investigate the prediction value of diffusion tensor imaging for motor function recovery of ischemic stroke patients. METHODS:Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library 2016, Issue 9), PubMed, Embase, Clarivate Analytics, Scopus, CINAHL, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Google Scholar were searched for either motor recovery or corticospinal tract integrity by diffusion tensor imaging in different stroke phase from January 1, 1970, to October 31, 2016. The study design and participants were subjected to metrological analysis. Correlation coefficient (r) was used for evaluating the relationship between fractional anisotropy (FA) and motor function outcome. Correlation coefficient values were extracted from each study, and 95％ confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by Fisher's z transformation. Meta-analysis was conducted by STATA software. RESULTS:Fifteen studies with a total of 414 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that FA in the subacute phase had the significant correlation with motor function outcome (ES=0.75, 95％CI 0.62-0.87), which showed moderate quality based on GRADE system. The weight correlation coefficient revealed that an effect size (ES) of FA in acute phase and chronic phase was 0.51 (95％CI 0.33-0.68) and 0.62 (95％CI 0.47-0.77) respectively. CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis reveals that FA in the subacute phase after ischemic stroke is a good predictor for functional motor recovery, which shows moderate quality based on the GRADE system.

Visualization Analysis on Development Hotspots of Neural Stem Cells / 医学信息学杂志

The paper uses the methods of bibliometrics and mathematical statistics to carry out statistical analysis on the scientific pa pers in Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) in 2007-2016 recorded by the SCI database from the aspects of distribution of years,countries,institutions,journals,funds and high-frequency keywords,and generally evaluates the development hotspots and application prospect of NSCs in the recent 10 years.

Nursing observation and guidance of topiramate in treatment of intractable epilepsy in children / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of topiramate in the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children. Methods 120 cases with intractable epilepsy from May 2012 to May 2017 were randomly divided into 2 groups, the control group used antiepileptic drug treatment, study group combined application of anti epileptic drugs targeted nursing application. Results The clinical effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P< 0.05). The frequency of epileptic seizure in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intractable epilepsy in children, the application of topiramate in the treatment of basic care is helpful to improve the effect of treatment, the effect is ideal, and should be further popularized in clinical practice.

Systematic review of medication safety of Xiyanping injection in conformity with indications of package inserts / 中国中药杂志

To systematically review the medication safety of Xiyanping injection in conformity with indications of package inserts. Eight databases at home and abroad were searched for studies on the safety of Xiyanping injection. Literature screening, quality assessment, data extraction and analysis were performed according to internationally recognized inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 118 clinical studies included, and 94 studies were finally studied, including 70 randomized controlled trials and eight non-randomized controlled trials, involving 16 case reports, and 4 716 patients treated with Xiyanping injection, with 148 adverse drug reactions(ADR) and no adverse event(AE). Among them, 15 cases reported serious adverse drug reactions, including 1 vegetative state, 4 allergic shock and other general cardiovascular damages. Diarrhea was the most commonly reported ADR among the 133 general adverse reactions, accounting for 30.12%, which was followed by rash. Most of the studies adopted the dosage set forth in package inserts. Some current evidences showed that irrational combined administration and use of Xiyanping may cause some ADRs. Because the most of studies didn't report the medication process and patient conditions, we can't infer the relations between the ADR and the age or solvent. Clinicians shall judge the causality according to relevant provisions and standards, and report ADRs, so as to provide more evidences for evaluating the safety of the drug.

Quantitation of Circulating Cell-free DNA in Patients with Lymphoma and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of circulating cell-free DNA (CFDNA) quantification for screening lymphoma, to analyse the relationship of circulating CFDNA with curative effect under standard therapeutic schedule, and to determine whether circulating CFDNA could be applied to monitor and prognosticate lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The peripheral blood samples from 32 patients(21 cases of lymphoma and 11 cases of lymphadenitis) with superficial lymph node enlargement were collected, 9 healthy volunteers were as the normal control. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the circulating CFDNA in 3 groups. Then, the relationship of circulating CFDNA with common characteristics of lymphoma was analysed, so as to evaluate the importance of circulating CFDNA to the curative effect and prognosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The circulating CFDNA level in patients with lymphoma was higher than that in patients with lymphadenitis and healthy volunteers (56.71±50.61) ng/ml vs (19.21±15.52) ng/ml and (8.26±7.06) ng/ml (P<0.05), but the difference between the latter 2 was not statistically significant (P=0.118). The circulating CFDNA level in lymphoma significantly correlated with the level of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) (P<0.05). ROC analyses revealed that the detection of plasma DNA could discriminate the lymphoma from normal controls with 75% sensitivity, 85% specificity and with a cut-off value of 24.67 ng/ml. The higher circulating CFDNA clearance rate after standard therapy, the higher the rate of complete remission(CR) (P<0.05) and the longer overall survival(P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Elevated circulating cell-free DNA levels may be useful as a screening tool for lymphoma. Circulating CFDNA level may serve as a potential indicator for evaluation of the curative effect and prognosis.</p>

Ultrasonographic Findings of Cervical Lymphadenopathy with Infectious Mononucleosis / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the high-resolution and color Doppler ultrasonographic (US) characteristics of cervical lymphadenopathy in patients with infectious mononucleosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>High-resolution and color Doppler US were performed in 30 patients aged 2 to 30 years with a total of 59 palpable enlarged cervical lymph nodes due to infectious mononucleosis. The US characteristics of the nodes including shape,echotexture,hilum,border,matting,cystic necrosis,calcification and vascular pattern were assessed. Three patients received cervical lymph nodes biopsies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The common US findings of cervical lymphadenopathy due to infectious mononucleosis were round shape (69.5%),bilateral distribution (96.7%),matting (83.3%) [even bilateral matting (66.6%)],indistinct margin (79.7%),absence of hilum (66.1%),heterogeneous echotecture (61.0%),and central hilar vascular pattern(89.8%). In 2 patients with absence of the echoic hilum,lymph nodes biopsies showed histological features including marked effacement of the normal architecture in the medullary region accompanied by a mixed proliferation of lymphocytes and histiocytes. In all infectious mononucleosis nodes with a hilum,85.0% had heterogeneously hypo/iso-echoic hila and indistinct demarcation to the cortex. One of them underwent lymph node biopsy and histological findings showed obvious dilation of the sinus oidal lumen and proliferation of histiocytes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although several ultrasonographic characteristics frequently present in the nodes of infectious mononucleosis are not specific,the combination of ultrasound findings may be valuable in differential diagnosis.</p>